MMSL 2016, 85(1):39-43 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2016.006

SYRIA CONFLICT AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS: WHAT IS THE REALITY?Review article

Jiří Patočka ORCID...1,2*
1 Institute of Radiology, Toxicology and Civil Protection, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
2 Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic

The Syrian civil war is a shameful matter for the contemporary world. It is full of suffering for the civilian population and is one of the causes of the current huge migration of Syrian people in Europe. Suffering of people affected by the war is still escalating due to use of banned chemical weapons. The entire civilized world is appalled by the atrocities of the Syrian civil war.

Keywords: Syrian civil war; chemical weapons; victims, sarin; mustard gas; chlorine

Received: February 3, 2016; Revised: February 16, 2016; Published: March 4, 2016  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Patočka, J. (2016). SYRIA CONFLICT AND CHEMICAL WEAPONS: WHAT IS THE REALITY? MMSL85(1), 39-43. doi: 10.31482/mmsl.2016.006
Download citation

References

  1. Barnard, Anne (19 March 2013). Syria and Activists Trade Charges on Chemical Weapons. The New York Times. Retrieved 19 March 2013.
  2. United Nations, 12 December 2013, United Nations Mission to Investigate Allegations of the Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic: Final report. 12 December 2013
  3. Oliver Holmes and Erika Solomon (19 March 2013). Alleged chemical attack kills 25 in northern Syria. Reuters. Retrieved 13 April 2013.
  4. Terrorists firing rockets containing chemical substances in Khan al-Asal. Syrian Arab News Agency. 19 March 2013. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
  5. Warrick, J. (2013). More than 1,400 killed in Syrian chemical weapons attack, US says. Washington Post, August, 30.
  6. Pita, R., Domingo, J. (2014). The use of chemical weapons in the Syrian conflict. Toxics, 2(3), 391-402. Go to original source...
  7. Bentley, M. (2015). The problem with the chemical weapons taboo. Peace Review, 27(2), 228-236. Go to original source...
  8. Tomuschat, C. (2014). Human rights: between idealism and realism (Vol. 13). Oxford University Press, USA.
  9. Note No. S/AC.44/2005/DDA/OC.S, 15 June 2005 Go to original source...
  10. Gupta, R. (2016). Understanding the War in Syria and the Roles of External Players: Way Out of the Quagmire?. The Round Table, 1-13. Go to original source...
  11. Warrick, J. (2013). More than 1,400 killed in Syrian chemical weapons attack, US says. Washington Post, August, 30.
  12. Odeyemi, C. (2016). Re-emerging Powers and the Impasse in the UNSC over R2P Intervention in Syria. Strategic Analysis, 1-28. Go to original source...
  13. United Nations Mission on Investigate Allegations of the Use of Chemical Weapons in the Syrian Arab Republic" (PDF). United Nations. 13 December 2013. Retrieved 6 February 2014.
  14. Harel, Amos (2012-12-24). Syrian rebels claim Assad regime uses chemical weapons, 24 December 2012. Haaretz.com. Retrieved 2013-08-21.
  15. Rogin, Josh (15 January 2013). Secret State Department cable: Chemical weapons used in Syria. Foreign Policy The Cable. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
  16. Chemical warfare in Syria. Le Monde. Retrieved 29 May 2013.
  17. Attacks on Ghouta. Human Rights Watch. 10 September 2013.
  18. Report on the Alleged Use of Chemical Weapons in the Ghouta Area of Damascus on 21 August 2013. United Nations. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
  19. Report on the Alleged Use of Chemical Weapons in the Ghouta Area of Damascus on 21 August 2013. United Nations. 16 September 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
  20. Syria: Strong Evidence Government Used Chemicals as a Weapon. Human Rights Watch. 13 May 2014.
  21. Gas attack alleged in Syria. CNN. 23 May 2014.
  22. Syria: Strong Evidence Government Used Chemicals as a Weapon. Human Rights Watch. 13 May 2014.
  23. Syrian activists report fresh poison gas attack, english.alarabiya.net.
  24. Hollande issues warning on chemical strikes, dailystar.com.lb.
  25. U.S. Mishandling Of Iraq's Chemical Weapons Worse Than Previously Thought. The Huffington Post. 6 November 2014.
  26. Meria special report: Did ISIS use chemical weapons against the Kurds in Kobani? The GLORIA Center of the IDC Herzliya University. 12 October 2014.
  27. Field report about the gas attack in Sarmin city & Qmenas village. MESOP. 16 March 2015.
  28. Dozens hurt in Assad chlorine attack. The Times. 26 March 2015.
  29. Syria rebels storm Idlib city in three-pronged attack. The Daily Star. 25 March 2015.
  30. Syrian rebels launch offensive on government-held city. San Antonio Express-News. Associated Press. 24 March 2015.
  31. Islamic State used mustard gas again in Syria: report. The Washington Times. 25 August 2015.
  32. ISIL suspected of using mustard gas in Syria's Aleppo". Yahoo! News. AlJazeera. 24 August 2015.
  33. Dons D. As Syria crisis mounts, scientist looks back at last major chemici attack. Science. 2013; 341(6150): 1051. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  34. Vogel L. WHO releases guidelines for treating chemical warfare victims after possible Syria attacks. CMAJ. 2013; 185(14): E665. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...
  35. Guha-Sapir D. Rodriguez-Llanes JM, Hicks MH, Donneau,AF, Coutts A, Lillywhite L, Fouad FM. (2015). Civilian deaths from weapons used in the Syrian conflict. BMJ 2015; 351: h4736. Go to original source... Go to PubMed...