MMSL, 2023 (vol. 92), issue 4
NEWS FROM EDITORIAL OFFICE OF MILITARY MEDICAL SCIENCE LETTERS VALID FROM 2024Editorial, Editorial article
Jan Korabecny, Vanda Bostik
MMSL 2023, 92(4):290 
Dear Readers, I hope this message finds you well. It is with a mix of nostalgia and anticipation for the future that I write to you today. As the Editor-in-Chief of Military Medical Science Letters, it has been my privilege to witness the growth and evolution of our journal, thanks to the contributions of brilliant researchers and the avid readership of professionals like you. ...
LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA – CONVENTIONAL BIOMARKERS AND BLOOD PLASMA SPECTROSCOPYReview article
Petr Hříbek, Lucie Habartová, Johana Klasová, Kristýna Kubíčková, Tomáš Kupsa, Tomáš Tůma, Vladimír Setnička, Petr Urbánek
MMSL 2023, 92(4):291-297 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.046
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumor of the liver, which in most cases develops in the field of liver cirrhosis of various etiologies. Only the early stages of the disease are indicated for surgical, potentially curative treatment. Only about a third of cases of HCC are caught in the early stages. The screening examination of risk groups of patients is liver ultrasonography (USG) at 6-month intervals. Besides its well-known advantages, USG has significant limitations. The sensitivity of USG for the early stages of HCC is only around 60 %. Considering this and also because it is an expert-dependent method, there...
KRATOM AND ITS EFFECTS ON AN ORGANISMReview article
Miroslav Pohanka, Josef Fusek
MMSL 2023, 92(4):298-303 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.001
Both the Mitragyna speciosa and products manufactured from its leaves are named kratom. The dry material of kratom contains a number of biologically active alkaloids, including two abundant substances mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine that interact with opioid receptors. Kratom is used as an anesthetic, antitussive, antidiarrheal, and wound-healing drug. Adverse effects can follow the excessive intake of kratom, and it is also considered an addictive substance in some countries. This review describes kratom's origin, biological effects' mechanism, its therapeutic and adverse impact on an organism, and the legislative aspects of its sale are described...
THE ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION IN THE SOCIAL WORKER PROFESSION, WHO WORKS WITH SENIORS LIVING WITH DEMENTIAOriginal article
Lukáš Stárek
MMSL 2023, 92(4):304-313 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.047
Life aspects in everyone’s life cause a human being all the time in a diverse social situation which affects everyone differently. These aspects are the people who surround us, cultures, political environment, and profession we choose to do for life. Every job should evolve and bring new needs and enquiries. This applies to social workers as well as this job reflects social and cultural attitudes towards diverse social groups such as a mother with children, foreigners, people without housing, people with disabilities, seniors, and seniors or people living with dementia.The following text points out the significant importance of communication...
THE INTRA-ARTICULAR PURE-PLATELET RICH PLASMA AS A DISEASE-MODIFYING TREATMENT FOR PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM KNEE OSTEOARTHRITISOriginal article
Waleed M. Jifeel, Ajil A. Alzamily, Ihsan Abdulabbas Alsalman
MMSL 2023, 92(4):314-324 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.049
Background: The knee is the predominant weight-bearing joint affected by osteoarthritis, and knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the 11th significant cause of disability. As life expectancy has increased, the need for knee replacement procedures has grown, putting a major financial burden on patients and healthcare systems. Intra-articular (IA) injection of platelet rich plasma (PRP) promises to be a potential method in research for the more preservative and biological strategies to treat this chronic degenerative condition. PRP has expected to contain a high number of growth factors and proteins involved in tissue repair mechanisms.Aim: This study...
BIOCHEMICAL AND HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES IN REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS OF EXPERIMENTAL RATS AFTER DIENOGEST THERAPYOriginal article
Hadeel Anwer Alsarraje, Liqaa Khalel Alhyali, Ehsan Hassan Aldabbagh
MMSL 2023, 92(4):325-332 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.051
The precise method of action of dienogest on the production and development of endometriosis lesions is unknown, and its controversial effect on endometrial thickness has been under investigation. In the following study the Dienogest's effects on the target animal's histology of female reproductive organs, including the tissues from the Fallopian tubes, ovaries, and uterus, as well as the impact of drug administration on the liver's enzymes and the drug's effects on triglycerides, body weight, and HbA1c, have all been studied. The findings of the following experiment indicated that there was no significant elevation of liver enzymes. The little to...
SMOKING PERTURBED LIVER MACHINERY RELEVANT TO MITOCHONDRIAL FUNCTIONSOriginal article
Reem H Mohammad, Muhammad A Al Kattan
MMSL 2023, 92(4):333-338 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.052
Once absorbed through lung tissues, smog-soluble substances are readily distributable throughout organ system reaching approximately all cells perturbing the subcellular events at mitochondrial level. The present study aimed to detect the deleterious impact of smog-containing materials on mitochondrial and thereby serum pyruvate/lactate levels coincidentally with liver proper functionality. To do so, chronic smokers were recruited and sub-classified into groups based on chronicity of smoking; control (never smoked), G1=smokers for up to 5 years, G2=smokers for up to 10 years, and G3=smokers for up to 15 years. Serum samples were collected and stored...
THE PH OF DRINKING WATER ALTERS THE METABOLIC AND NEUROBEHAVIORAL RESPONSE OF RATS EXPOSED TO VITAMIN D3 OR PREDNISOLONEOriginal article
Omar Medhat Abdulrazaq, Yamama Zuher AL-Abdaly
MMSL 2023, 92(4):339-347 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.053
Background: The degree of blood pH affects the fundamental function of vitamin D, which is to maintain calcium and phosphorus as well as many other biochemical, neurological, and behavioural activities the difference in blood pH impacts the levels of calcium and vitamin D in the blood, and it is also in charge of ensuring that calcium levels are suitable and constant.Objective: that blood pH affects the basic function of calcium and phosphorus and vitamin D, the difference in pH affects calcium and vitamin D levels in the blood and is also responsible for keeping calcium levels appropriate and stable.Methods: 7 groups composed of 35 mature female rats...
EFFECT OF MONTELUKAST ON HEALING OF INDUCED ORAL ULCER IN RATSOriginal article
Mohammed I. Majeed, Jawnaa K. Mammdoh, Luma I. Al-Allaf
MMSL 2023, 92(4):348-355 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.054
Background: Oral ulcers are among the common recurrent oral diseases which seek medical help; the underlying pathology is yet obscure, making medical intervention difficult.Aims: The purpose of this study was to investigate if montelukast could help mouth ulcer model in Albino rats.Methods: The rats were divided into two groups of 24, the control group of 12 rats with induced ulcer and no therapy, and the treatment group with induced ulcer and treated orally with Montelukast 20 mg/kg. Each group had six rats sacrificed after 3 and 7 days of treatment. The lingual ulcer was produced with cotton soaked in 70% acetic acid solution and rubbed against the...
ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA TREATMENT IN THE INFLAMMATION MANAGEMENT OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS: EXPERIMENTAL STUDYOriginal article
Haider A. Yousif, Ajil A. Alzamily, Ihsan A. Alsalman
MMSL 2023, 92(4):356-366 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.055
Background: The level of pro-inflammatory Cluster of Differentiation 68 (CD 68) could be beneficial for examination as a biomarker for identifying cartilage or knee tissue degradation in joint problems. Because Cluster of Differentiation 68 appears to be linked to cell damage in the injury area, its measurement may be an effective and sensitive tool for detecting the early development of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) in people at risk for knee osteoarthritis.Aim of the study: The study aimed to evaluate which type of PRP (Pure-PRP and leukocyte-PRP) are suitable for patients with KOA via assessing the levels of serum CD 68 concentration.Materials and Methods:...
EFFECT OF BACTERIAL INFECTION ON THE PROTOSCOLECES DEGENERATION OF HYDATID CYSTS IN SHEEPOriginal article
Buthaina Hatim Al-Sabawi, Saba Abdulsalam.Hamid Al-Sultan, Inam Abdulmonem Abudlhameed
MMSL 2023, 92(4):367-375 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.058
Background: Hydatidosis is a deadly parasitic disease that affects both humans and animals. It has received much attention due to widespread health and economic concerns. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three hydatid cysts from the slaughterhouse and butcher shops were analyzed, 17 from the lung and 16 from the liver. The specimens were collected from hydatid fluid and grown on nutritional agar and MacConkey agar using a sterile loop. A Vitek- 2 compact instrument was used to identify bacteria. The viability of the protoscoleces was also determined in these hydatid cysts. Results: The secondary infection rate with bacteria in hepatic and pulmonary hydatid...
ASPROSIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO INSULIN RESISTANCE IN METABOLIC SYNDROMEOriginal article
Shaha Abdallha Mohammed, Thikra Ali Allwsh
MMSL 2023, 92(4):376-384 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.008
Background: Asprosin is correlated to many pathologic of glucose dysregulation, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, serum lipids, and adiposity.Objective investigating the role of the asprosin hormone and its relationship to insulin resistance in newly diagnosed metabolic syndrome and clinical parameters.Methods: The study included measurement of asprosin hormone, insulin, insulin resistance and some biochemical variable levels in metabolic syndrome patients with age matching to the control group (35 - 65 years). The study included the measurement of asprosin hormone. MetS were diagnosed in compliance with the European Group for the Study...