MMSL, 2022 (vol. 91), issue 4
ETANERCEPT IN PATIENTS WITH ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS: EFFECTIVENESS AND RATE OF RESPONSEOriginal article
Zahraa R. Albagoa, Imad A. Thanoon, Faez Ibraheem Abdulla, Ali A. Younis
MMSL 2022, 91(4):266-273 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.001 
Introduction: “Ankylosing spondylitis (AS)” is an inflammatory disorder that affects the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, as well as entheses, resulting in significant disability. “Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)” inhibitors are regarded to be a helpful treatment for patients with active “AS”. This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness and response rate of “etanercept” in a group of patients with “ankylosing spondylitis” in Mosul, Iraq.Methods: A prospective, “open-labeled”, non-randomized 12 weeks study was undertaken on 43 participants with “ankylosing...
PREMENSTRUAL SYMPTOMS SCREENING AND SELF-MEDICATION AMONG WOMEN IN RIYADH, SAUDI ARABIAOriginal article
Elham Alshammari, Khlood Aldossary
MMSL 2022, 91(4):274-281 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.002
Most women experience some premenstrual symptoms regularly. Because of this, PMS/ PMDD has emerged as a 20th century phenomenon, mostly since women now have better control over reproduction. The symptoms associated with these conditions may be minimal, moderate, or severe depending on the ratings of the symptoms recorded daily. Women also continue to report lower levels of productivity in the 5 to 10 days after the start of menses. As part of exploring these conditions, the study sought to examine the screening of premenstrual symptoms and self-medication acts among women in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The findings were as follows. There were...
STRATEGIES OF STRESS MANAGEMENT OF BURNOUT SYNDROME IN STUDENTS OF PREGRADUATE STUDY COURSE OF SOCIAL WORKOriginal article
Alena Vosečková, Zuzana Truhlářová, Pavel Blažek
MMSL 2022, 91(4):282-292 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.003
The effect of chronic stress is one of the most important initiating factors in the development of the burnout syndrome. Students, who face a high level of stress and at the same time they are not able to use suitable strategies of coping those stressful situations, they tend to be at risk of developing burnout syndrome already during their studies. Authors of the paper focus on the issue of stress in connection of the development of burnout syndrome in students of pregradual study of social work. The aim of the survey was to determine used strategies of stress coping and the risk of development of burnout syndrome in students. According to number...
A ROLE FOR INFLAMMATORY IL-6 IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: A CASE CONTROL STUDY AT AL-QADISIYAH GOVERNORATE, IRAQOriginal article
Ajil A. Alzamily, Mohammed N. Al-Delfi, Aqeel R Al-Barqaw
MMSL 2022, 91(4):293-304 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.005
Background: Disruption of the IL-6 axis can result in the beginning or progression of a variety of disease states, including cardiovascular diseases. Because of IL-6’s pathogenic function, pharmacologic manipulation of the IL-6 axis is a sensible therapeutic strategy; nevertheless, various expected, yet frequently overlooked, effects on tissues and organs other than blood vessels may also occur. The study’s goal is as follows: The purpose of this study is to see how inflammatory Interleukin-6 affects the development of coronary artery disease.Materials and Methods: Serum IL-6 level was estimated using Elabscience® kits....
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF IRON STATUS IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY PREGNANT WOMEN WITH NON PREGNANT WOMENOriginal article
Ahmed H. AL-Hamdani
MMSL 2022, 91(4):305-310 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.006
Iron status in this clinical trial was represented as "Serum Iron, Total iron˗ binding capacity (TIBC), Unsaturated iron˗ binding capacity (UIBC), Transferrin saturation, Packed cell volume (PCV), Hemoglobin (Hb)", were evaluated in the blood of 98 healthy participant women, including 35 healthy non-pregnant women aged between (18-45) years as a control group and 63 healthy pregnant women aged between (15-44) years which divided into two groups depending on gestational age, the first group in the first trimester aged between (15-38) years; the second group in the third trimester aged between (21-44) years; in order to investigate the impacts...
EPICARDIAL FAT IN PATIENTS UNDERGO LAPAROSCOPICAL-SLEEVE GASTRECTOMYOriginal article
Faris M. Lolan, Abdullah S. Mahmood, Yasser F. Al-Gburi
MMSL 2022, 91(4):311-317 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.008
Introduction: Obesity is increasingly reported to be a contributing factor to vascular diseases resulting in increased patient morbidity and mortality rates leading to increase healthcare expenses. More precisely, the lipid deposition in cardiac tissues is interesting, due to their direct contribution to the disease initiation, prognosis, and all subsequent patients’ fate. We do focus on the determination of the link between changes in body mass index (BMI) and epicardial fat deposition concerning gastric operation.Objective: The objective of this work was to study the relationship between weight reduction and "epicardial thickness" after laparoscopic-sleeve...
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN L-CARNITINE UPTAKE AND SOME HEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN OXIDATIVE STRESSED RATSOriginal article
Omar B. Aghaa, Hind T. Hamad
MMSL 2022, 91(4):318-323 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.007
The objective of this research was to determine the effect of L-carnitine antioxidant ability on some hematological parameters such as the extent of red blood corpuscles (RBCs), "Packed cells volume (PCV)", Hemoglobin (Hb), and Mean cellular volume (MCV) in normal and oxidative stress exposed rats respectively. Using an animal model, "Hydrogen peroxide ((H2O2 0.5 %)" was mixed with drinking tap water to induce oxidative stress through the experiment period (30 days). Three groups were used in this study (each containing 7 rats) one of them was the negative control group and the other two were the positive control group (oxidative...
CLOSTRIDIAL COLLAGENASE IMMOBILIZED ON CHITOSAN NANOFIBERS FOR BURN HEALINGOriginal article
Marcela Slovakova, Renata Köhlerova, Petra Dvorakova, Veronika Vanova, Martina Spackova, Marcela Munzarova
MMSL 2022, 91(4):324-334 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.012
This article describes the characterization and application of collagenase-based chitosan nanofiber membranes with rat burns. Electrospun chitosan nanofibers were functionalized with clostridial collagenase using carbodiimide chemistry. The immobilized collagenase was characterized by enzyme activity, kinetic constants, and dry storage stability measurements using a Pz-peptide substrate. The apparent kinetic constants KM and Vmax of immobilized collagenase showed a high affinity for the peptide substrate compared to the free enzyme. Drying of chitosan membranes with immobilized collagenase ensured 98 % stability...
VARIATION OF CALCIUM DISTRIBUTION IN DIFFERENT ORGANS OF LIVER FLUKE FASCIOLA HEPATICAOriginal article
H.S. Sadoon, Buthaina H. Al-Sabawi, Sundus N. Al-Kallak
MMSL 2022, 91(4):335-342 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.011
Introduction: Livestock, including sheep, are infected with many types of parasitic diseases, and among these diseases is fascioliasis, or the so-called liver rot, which is caused by the Fasciola hepatica worm. This disease is widespread in many regions of the world, especially those with moderate climatic conditions. This disease harms the state’s economy and livestock breeders due to the high rates of infection, which greatly affects animal production.Materials: Wax sections were made from F. hepatica, cut with a thickness of 7 microns, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain and Von Kossa technique to investigate the calcium...
ROLE OF ANTITUBERCULOSIS DRUGS IN COVID-19 INFECTION IN MOSUL CITYOriginal article
Dhelal Ahmad Theyab Al-jumaily
MMSL 2022, 91(4):343-347 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.017
Introduction: Coronavirus (COVID-19)-patients with another critical ailment, such as tuberculosis need more effective care and therapy. This study aims to investigate the role of COVID-19 on active tuberculosis patients who are receiving directly observed therapy (DOT) for tuberculosis in Mosul.Methods: In a seven-month prospective observational case-control unicenter-study at a chest and respiratory disease clinic and control and disease center in Mosul, we examined two groups of the population. (cases): considered 100 patients who attend the chest and respiratory diseases clinic with clinically, laboratory, radiology diagnosed active tuberculosis...
THERAPEUTIC USE OF METFORMIN IN THYROID CANCERReview article
Fatimah Haitham Fathi, Ammar A.Y. Almulathanon, Jehan A. Mohammad
MMSL 2022, 91(4):348-360 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.020
Thyroid cancer is a rare type of malignancy. However, thyroid cancer constitutes more than 90 % of endocrine tumors. Metformin (N’, N’-dimethybiguanide) is the most commonly prescribed drug in the world, and the annual number of prescriptions for this drug exceeds 120 million. Metformin is the first-line oral treatment for patients with type II diabetes. Metformin has recently been investigated for potential anti-cancer activity in patients with thyroid cancer by stimulating the Adenosine Mono-Phosphate-Activated Protein Kinase (AMPK) pathway in some types of tumors. In general, the anti-cancer mechanism of metformin acts directly by blocking...