MMSL, 2021 (vol. 90), issue 4
THE EFFECT OF FLAVONOIDS EXTRACTS FROM HAWTHORN (CRATAGUS OXYACANTHUS) AGAINST SOME GRAM-POSITIVE AND GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIA SPECIESOriginal article
Farah H. Omer, Khadeeja Y. Abid, Manal F. Mohammed
MMSL 2021, 90(4):158-164 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.025 
The present study has shown the screening test of Hawthorn fruits (Crataegus spp.) using crude hydro-alcoholic extract and in vitro antimicrobial activity of extracted flavonoid which has shown more antibacterial activity than crude extract with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranged from 5% to 2.5%. The amount of total flavonoid and antioxidant activity of Hawthorn fruits (Crataegus spp) in various concentration extracts and antioxidant activities of different concentration extracts were determined by radical scavenging by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•). The output showed that the contents of flavonoid were...
THE ROLE OF SYMMETRICAL AND ASYMMETRIC DIMETHYL-L-ARGININE AS BIOMARKERS IN DIALYSIS-DEPENDENT AKI PATIENTSOriginal article
Mohammed KJ. Alnori, Muthear N. Dawood, Mohammed A. Ajeel
MMSL 2021, 90(4):165-171 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.034
Introduction: Symmetrical and Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine were previously discovered in urine, the present study explored the link between acute kidney injury (AKI) and modulation in the level of these biomarkers.Methods: Ninety volunteers were recruited in the current study, sixty of them were dialysis-dependent AKI patients, their ages ranged between 29-70 years, 13 were diabetic and 47 were non-diabetics patients. Thirty healthy subjects were recruited as a control group. Blood urea, serum creatinine, uric acid, glucose, lipid profile, albumin, hemoglobin, levels were measured using an automated analyzer (SK3002b). Asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine...
THE PROTEINS OF SARS- CoV-2 AND THEIR FUNCTIONSReview article
Zohreh Taheri Kangarshahi, Shermin Lak, Mona Ghadam, Nasrin Motamed, Sorosh Sardari, Samin Rahimi
MMSL 2021, 90(4):172-190 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.018
Coronavirus 2 (SARS- CoV-2) leads to Coronavirus disease 2019, is recognized as a lethal epidemic in 2020. SARS-CoV-2 is an enveloped, non-segmented, positive sense RNA virus that belongs to the beta-corona family of viruses. The genome of this virus is about 30 kb representing 16 non-structural proteins (Nsp1-16), four structural proteins (N, M, E, S) and nine accessory proteins are encoded by its genome, which are involved in survival and pathogenesis the viruses. In order to produce medicines and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, it is essential to fully understand the genomic structure of the virus and function of its proteins. This review collects and...
VANGUARD IN GLOBAL HEALTH – HELPING NURSES IN COMBATING GLOBAL HEALTH CHALLENGESReview article
Valentín Pecuch, Vanda Bostik
MMSL 2021, 90(4):191-197 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.021
While everyone has differences in priorities, one aspect which people usually put onto top positions is our health. As the most numerous group among medical professionals, nurses are usually among the first in which people seeking medical help come into contact with. As such, they are an essential asset, though their contributions are often not valued enough. With the world becoming more and more connected, national health issues such as climate change, maternal health or human trafficking, or transmissible diseases are taking on a global scale, with the COVID-19 pandemic highlighting such developments. To provide healthcare for the people affected,...
CAN BAICALEIN BECOME A NEW DRUG FOR COVID-19?Review article
Jiří Patočka, Zdeňka Navrátilová, Kamil Kuča, Patrik Olekšák, Uday Kumar Killi
MMSL 2021, 90(4):198-207 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.020
The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has become a global health crisis. Flavon baicalein, a major bioactive molecule of Scutellaria baicalensis, inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome in humans. Animal experiments show that baicalein has the character of a broad-spectrum coronavirus drug. It is non-toxic and can inhibit SARS-CoV-2-induced damage. Baicalein may therefore be a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of COVID-19.
COUNTER-PANDEMIC ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED BY THE POLISH ARMY FORCES. LESSONS LEARNED AFTER ONE YEAR OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMICReview article
Włodzimierz Wątor
MMSL 2021, 90(4):208-219 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.022
The aim of the article is to review activities of selected European armies during the Covid-19 pandemic aimed at protecting their own forces and supporting societies in danger. The attention is drawn to the importance of protection against the pandemic and its legal and organizational conditions. The analysis is based on the example of the Polish Armed Forces. The method of information exchange in the case of an outbreak of infectious diseases among soldiers and civilians in NATO is presented, taking into account various national solutions. The scope and methods of using chemical troops during disinfection of people, equipment, and infrastructure are...
COVID-19 AS AN OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE – INTERIM REPORT FROM THE CZECH NATIONAL REGISTRY OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES AS OF MARCH 31, 2021Review article
Miroslav Urban, Michael Vít, Pavel Urban, Zdenka Fenclová, Peter Urban, Robin Šín, Vladimír Pavlík
MMSL 2021, 90(4):220-227 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.023
The article provides an interim analysis of cases of COVID-19 reported as an occupational disease to the National Registry of Occupational Diseases in 2020 and in the 1st quarter of 2021. There were 370 cases, of which 285 are women representing 77% and 85 men representing 23%. The age range was from 18 to 70 years. The average age was 43 years. All the diseases occurred in 2020, mostly in the first wave of the epidemic. Because the average time between illness and the case reporting was 170 days, it can be expected that many cases are still under assessment. Most cases come from the Moravian-Silesian, Olomouc and Hradec Králové regions....
THE YEAR WITH THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC — EXPERIENCES AND IMPRESSIONS OF A FIRST-LINE PHYSICIANLetter to the editor
Miroslav Urban
MMSL 2021, 90(4):228-229
As a general practitioner also involved in the Emergency Medical Service, I watched from the front line how the coronavirus pandemic in spring 2020 exposed our lack of preparedness for such situations, ranging from insufficient legislation, lack of adequate protective equipment for the general public, exposed medical staff to technical and organizational problems in the operation of hygienic stations or diagnostic laboratories.
XVII. THE ZLATE HORY AUTUMN CONFERENCE OF PEDIATRICIANS AND A DISCUSSION FORUM ON: WHAT SARS-CoV-2 TAUGHT US, OR "LESSONS FROM THE CRISIS DEVELOPMENT OF 2019-2021"Letter to the editor
Vanda Boštíková, Aleš Macela
MMSL 2021, 90(4):230-232
The period of transition from summer to autumn is being marked by a number of conferences in the Czech Republic, with organizers now taking advantage of the opportunity to leave the online platform and meet for in-person discussions.On 16-19 September, 2021, infectologists from the Krkonose Mountains, vaccinologists from Hradec Kralové and Tatranská Lomnica, as well as pediatricians, neonatologists, practitioners and immunologists, both from the Czech Republic and Slovakia, gathered in Zlaté Hory for their 17th annual accredited seminar. Due to the pandemic situation caused by the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, seminar participants concluded...