MMSL, 2022 (vol. 91), issue 2
PEDIATRIC SUBTYPES OF VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECTS WITH PERCENT CLOSURE AT IBN-SENA TEACHING HOSPITAL IN THE CITY OF MOSUL – IRAQOriginal article
Bashar Sh. Mustafa, Ayoub A. Al-bayati, Ghayth M Abdulrazzaq, Marwan M. Merkhan
MMSL 2022, 91(2):82-88 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.036 
The ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a congenital lesion characterized by the presence of an opening between cardiac chambers. The treatment might involve medical therapy to control symptoms or in certain cases, surgical resuscitation might be required.Objectives: The study was conducted to establish a database about the prevalence and pattern of VSD and their prognosis in children referred to by echocardiography in Ibn-Sena Teaching Hospital over the period of March 2019 to January 2020. Method: The present study is a prospective descriptive study conducted on all patients diagnosed with cardiac lesions revealed by echocardiography. The sample included...
COVID-19 AMONG A SAMPLE OF IRAQI PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC DISEASES: A MULTICENTER STUDYOriginal article
Faiq I. Gorial, Ali Abdulrahman Younis, Ali Alkazzaz, Avin M. Arif Maroof, Taha Ahmad Qaradaghi, Chiman Hasan Mahmood, Mohammed H. ALosami, Dina Shakir Yasiry, Nabaa Ihsan Awadh, Marwa Moayad Younis, Farah J. Mahdi, Saad Waheed Mihan, Nizar A. Jassim
MMSL 2022, 91(2):89-97 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.038
Background: There are scarce data on disease characteristics and severity of coronavirus 2019(COVID - 19) among Iraqi patients with rheumatic diseases (RDs). In this study, we aimed to report the disease characteristics and variables associated with COVID-19 outcome among patients with RDs.Methods: Between October 2020 and April 2021, rheumatic diseases (RDs) patients with COVID-19 were registered from different centres in Iraq. The patient's demographics, rheumatological history, COVID-19 symptoms, severity, and management, if any, their disease progress and outcome have been assessed. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed...
THE IMPACT OF SMOKING ON SEVERITY AND OUTCOME IN PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 INFECTION IN MOSUL CITYOriginal article
Mohammad H. Alsaaty, Abdullah Z. Alyouzbaki, Wael T. Younis
MMSL 2022, 91(2):98-104 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.044
Introduction: The novel corona virus (SARS-CoV-19) is mainly accountable for the disease outbreak infection, which began in Wuhan, China, in 2019. Numerous modest research has been carried so far to ascertain the risks of smoking on the magnitude, consequence, and morbidity of patients with COVID-19, but the findings have been incomplete.Aims: This study assesses the effects of current smokers on the magnitude and consequence in patients with COVID-19 infectious disease in Mosul, Iraq.Materials and Methods: A total of 160 patients (80 active smokers and 80 non-smokers) who were confirmed with COVID-19 infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)...
SMART HYDROGEL POLYMERS FOR DRUG DELIVERYReview article
Zahraa Hussein Ali, Myasar Alkotaji
MMSL 2022, 91(2):105-118 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.032
Smart hydrogels are special type of hydrogels that undergo solution-gelation transition in response to alterations in the environment. Solution-gel transformation is brought about through either physical or chemical cross-linking that occur between the hydrogel chains. Various stimulating factors have been identified to be responsible for the change in the physical state of the intelligent hydrogel. The most important triggering factors are the temperature, pH, ions, electrical signalling, magnetic field, glucose, light and others. Each of these stimulating factors can trigger the swelling of the hydrogel through unique mechanism. Many of these triggering...
METHODS OF IMMOBILIZATION OF MICROBIAL ENZYMES ON SOLID SURFACES AND THEIR USEReview article
Tomáš Válek, Miroslav Pohanka
MMSL 2022, 91(2):119-127 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.033
Microbial enzymes are used in a wide range of industrial production, in pharmacy, medicine or as part of detection methods or biosensors, due to low-cost production in short time. Immobilization of enzymes on solid surfaces has been shown to improve essential requirements, such as higher efficiency of the enzymatic reaction per unit time, better pH and thermo stability, repeated use, easy separation of enzyme and long-term stability. In industry, immobilization is used in food production processes, in detergents and their preparation, in the textile industry or in the production of biofuels. In pharmacy, immobilized enzymes are a part of the production...
NANOEMULGEL AS A RECENT DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMReview article
Alaa R. Azeez, Myasar Alkotaji
MMSL 2022, 91(2):128-139 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2021.035
Every year many drug molecules discovered to be effective in treatment of many diseases, however not all of these drugs succeed in reaching the market. One of the main reasons for such failure is the lipophilicity or low water solubility of these chemicals which results in poor bioavailability. Nanoemulsion has the ability to deliver these drugs in an efficient way. Nanoemulsion, which is usually o/w emulsion can incorporate this lipophilic drug into nanolipoidal droplets. However, the difficulty in applying liquid dosage form can be overcome by using nanoemulgel system. Nanoemulgel considered as a suitable way to deliver lipophilic drugs through topical...
IMPACT OF ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS ON RISK AND OUTCOME OF COVID-19 INFECTION: A REVIEWReview article
Adnan A. Zainal, Marwan M. Merkhan
MMSL 2022, 91(2):140-160 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.004
Based on many reports, an unmistakable link probably exists between diabetes mellitus and COVID-19. A major predisposing factor determining severity and mortality of COVID-19 is diabetes mellitus, diabetic patients were shown to be at higher risk for developing severe COVID-19 disease than non-diabetics; many recent studies reported a striking prevalence of DM in those diagnosed with COVID-19. Accordingly, antidiabetic drugs can possibly impact the clinical course and / or the outcome of this infection, either by alleviating diabetes-associated symptoms, minimizing its complications, or by mitigating or aggravating COVID-19 disease by effects independent...
IN MEMORIAM: Colonel (ret.) Prof. JAROSLAV KAČEROVSKÝ, MD, PhDLetter to the editor
Ladislav Jebavý, Jan Horáček
MMSL 2022, 91(2):161-163
Prof. Jaroslav Kačerovský, MD PhD was born on March 29, 1934 in Vlastějovice in the Kutná Hora region. His compulsory school attendance was affected with the war years, his secondary school studies are then connected with memories of the town of Ledeč nad Sázavou. In 1953, he passed the school-leaving examination at the local grammar school. ...
WORKSHOP 2022: POSSIBLE MODULATOR APPLICATIONS FOR BIOLOGICAL REACTIONSLetter to the editor
Vanda Boštíková, Aleš Macela
MMSL 2022, 91(2):164-166
During the last weekend of February, from Friday 25 February to Saturday 26 February 2022, a workshop was held at the Rajská zahrada hotel in Nové Město nad Metují, marked by lectures and discussions on the application of modulators of biological reactions.
ON THE OCCASION OF THE 70th BIRTHDAY OF BRIGADIER GENERAL (RET.) Assoc. Prof. LEO KLEIN, MD, CSc.Letter to the editor
Zoltán Bubeník
MMSL 2022, 91(2):167-168
Brigadier General (ret.) Associate Professor Leo Klein, MD, CSc., a distinguished personality of the Czech military medical service and international authority on military medicine, will celebrate a significant jubilee on April 18th, 2022. He will celebrate his seventieth birthday in the full vigour of life and work. Seventy years of a fulfilling and creative life, significant and ordinary moments, just the way life should be.