MMSL, 2024 (vol. 93), issue 1

UROLOGICAL PRESENTATION OF PATIENTS WITH COVID-19 IN NINEVAH, IRAQOriginal article

Ahmad Hameed Mohamad, Zaid Saaduldeen Khudhur

MMSL 2024, 93(1):3-9 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.014  

Introduction: “Corona virus-induced disease (COVID-19)” is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by the coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). In addition to respiratory symptoms, the infected people also experience urological symptoms such as renal impairment and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), which include frequency, urgency, loin pain, pyuria, and hematuria. Infertility and urolithiasis have also been detected in some patients.Objectives: To evaluate the effect of the coronavirus on the urinary system and its consequences on the affected patients.Methods: A prospective case series study was conducted in Mosul City, Iraq. One hundred...

HISTOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF REMDESIVIR ON KIDNEY AND LIVER OF ALBINO RATS IN DIFFERENT DOSES AND THEIR WITHDRAWALOriginal article

Rana M. Ahmad, Maha Al-Sammak

MMSL 2024, 93(1):10-18 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.022  

Background: Remdesivir has recently been used more widely as an antiviral medication, possibly due to its potency against coronavirus.Aim: This study was aimed at detecting the toxicity of remdesivir on the liver and kidneys of albino rats at various doses, as well as the possibility of recovering to the normal structure of these tissues two weeks after drug discontinuation.Methods: Forty adult albino rats were divided into five groups (8 rats per group). The first group was the control group; the second group received 5 mg/kg remdesivir; the third group received 10 mg/kg for five days; and the fourth and fifth groups were withdrawal groups (treated...

ACCESSIBILITY CHANGES AND THEIR PERCEPTION BY THE ELDERLY AFTER THE COVID-19 PANDEMICOriginal article

Petra Marešová, Lenka Komárková, Lucie Vítková, Miroslav Joukl, Zuzana Truhlářová, Jiří Horák, Ondřej Krejcar

MMSL 2024, 93(1):19-28 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.026  

Introduction: Objective of this study is to describe impact of gender, age, social status, and geographic location on mobility changes during the COVID-19 pandemic within the Czechia, Hradec Kralove region, and Ostrava region.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in two regions in the Czechia: the Hradec Kralove region and the Ostrava region.Results: The age group of seniors 85 and older was more vulnerable to these alterations than other age groups. Age had a statistically significant impact on both the frequency of trips and the mode of transportation used. Seniors' shifts in mobility were more frequently impacted by urbanization, whereas...

DEVELOPMENT OF BODY TEMPERATURE AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE OVERALL OUTCOME IN CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS IN THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTOriginal article

Jan Sládek, Pavlína Rabasová

MMSL 2024, 93(1):29-38 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.056  

Introduction: Thermoregulation is a complex process in the human body with the ability to maintain a constant optimal body temperature. Biochemical processes of the organism, as well as metabolic processes, are closely correlated with body temperature. Human temperature is determined by several laws, in particular metabolic production and heat flow between the organism and the environment. For the proper functioning of the organs in the human body, it is essential to maintain a constant optimum body temperature. This can be disturbed by inadequate internal and external factors and thermal discomfort can affect the patient's overall outcome.  Aim: The...

OVERVIEW OF DUHOK/IRAQ PROJECT OF EXPANDED NEWBORN SCREENINGOriginal article

Fahad A. Jameel, Amer A. Mehe

MMSL 2024, 93(1):39-48 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.057  

Background: Newborn screening is a public health prevention system that intends to detect, early in life, a group of serious diseases that require early intervention. Institutionalizing and sustaining this system presents a remarkable challenge in developing public health systems. Duhok project for expanded newborn screening started in June 2018 with a panel of seven diseases including phenylketonuria (PKU), Galactosemia (GAL), congenital hypothyroidism (CHT), Cystic fibrosifcardiacs (CF), Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), G6PD deficiency and biotinidase deficiency. In the next few years, the panel expanded to include, finally, 72 tests, to detect...

HISTOLOGICAL CHANGES OF PLACENTA IN WOMEN WITH COVID-19Original article

Luma Ibrahim Khalel Al-Allaf, Harith Ali Hasan Al-Nauimi

MMSL 2024, 93(1):49-59 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.005  

Background: During pregnancy, COVID-19 viral infection may cause abnormal placental findings. The studies that have focused on the placental structure among infected women with such virus were few. Aim: This study aims to compare the placental histology of women affected by COVID-19 to that of non-infected women.Methods: A prospective case-control study that enrolled placentae of 20 pregnant women who delivered at Al-Khansaa Maternity Teaching Hospital in Ninevah Province /North of Iraq was accomplished. Ten women were positive for CoVID-19 in the antenatal period. Placental biopsies were obtained from the placental maternal side and placental fetal...

DAILY FATIGUE AMONG PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDYOriginal article

Zahraa S. Thabit, Harith Kh. Al-Qazaz

MMSL 2024, 93(1):60-67 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.007  

Background and Aim: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative chronic disease that affects the joints, it is strongly associated with age and affects the quality of life and fatigue in addition to its associated pain, stiffness, and loss of mobility. This study aimed to evaluate the daily fatigue score among patients with osteoarthritis. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among patients with osteoarthritis who were invited from three Rheumatology clinics. The fatigue scale (FACIT version) was used in addition to biochemical data collected from patients’ records.Result: A total of 370 patients were included in the final data analysis...

IN SILICO LIBRARY SCREENING TO FIND NOVEL ANTICANCER AGENT WITH CHEMOSENSITIZING PROPERTIES: FOCUS ON TARGETING ATAXIA TELANGIECTASIA AND Rad3 RELATED KINASEOriginal article

Darina Muthna, Tomas Kucera, Zbynek Vecera, Lukas Gorecki, Martin Andrs, Martina Rezacova, Jan Korabecny

MMSL 2024, 93(1):68-83 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.009  

To bypass the resistance to conventional chemotherapy, attention is paid to the inhibition of alternative targets such as members of the DNA damage response pathway. In the present study, we performed a three-step virtual screening of potential ATR inhibitors followed by evaluation of antiproliferative and chemosensitizing properties of selected compounds in vitro on a panel of cancer cell lines. According to pharmacophore resemblance to standard ATR inhibitor VX-970, a total of 17 compounds were purchased and tested. Among those 17 compounds, two proved antiproliferative efficacy in monotherapy, whereas ten compounds were effective in cisplatin...

PSYCHOLOGICAL BURDEN AND METABOLIC SYNDROME IN PROFESSIONAL SOLDIERSOriginal article

Pavla Krutisova, Vladimír Pavlik, Eva Cermakova, Jana Fajfrova, Dana Fialova

MMSL 2024, 93(1):84-99 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.010  

The aim of the study is to investigate whether the mental stress resulting from the assignment of military professionals affects the parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) as a significant risk factor for cardio-vascular diseases.The study retrospectively analyses the data obtained during extended annual preventive examinations of professional soldiers in 2012-2016. The dataset was divided into two cohorts. The first "performance" cohort included soldiers from combat units and paratroopers (aiborne). The second cohort consisted of "others", i.e. soldiers from non-combat units or airborne. The psychological burden was determined by the soldiers' assignment...

HISTOLOGICAL AND HISTOMORPHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF THE SYSTEMIC METFORMIN ADMINISTRATION ON BONE HEALING IN RABBITSOriginal article

Raad M. Hussein, Ghada A. Taqa

MMSL 2024, 93(1):100-111 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.011  

Background: After injuries, infections, or tumor removal, endogenous healing depends on bone repair. Disorders of bone healing are difficult to treat in clinical settings. There are numerous induced methods for correcting bone abnormalities, such as the induced membrane technique, allogenic bone grafting, synthetic bone grafting, artificial joint replacement, and autologous bone grafting. However, the delivery of the bone graft and bone filling materials necessitates surgical implantation at the fracture site, which could cause edema, infection, and the development of heterotopic bone locally. Therefore, systemically administered osteogenic drugs will...

CORRELATION BETWEEN COVID-19 SYMPTOMS AND CERTAIN PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BODY COMPOSITION PARAMETERS RELATED TO OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHTOriginal article

Attila Novák, Szabolcs Szalánczi, Beatrix Hornyák, Zsófia Rázsó, Andrea Sótér, Csaba Nyakas

MMSL 2024, 93(1):112-119 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.006  

Introduction: The high Body Mass Index and high body fat percentage are mentioned as factors influencing the severity of the course of COVID-19 disease. Our aim was to examine, in relation to their symptoms, the measured and estimated parameters of those included in the lifestyle program established by the armed forces suffering from mild to moderate COVID-19 disease.Sample and Methods: The average age of the examined sample (n=18) was 45.2 years. The average body weight for women was (n=8) 78.5 kg, for men 106.2 kg, the average body fat percentage for women was 40.6% and for men 30.6%. The instruments used for the examination were a BIA 500 (800/µA,...

MANAGEMENT OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER: A PILOT STUDY IN SAUDI PAEDIATRICSOriginal article

Sireen Abdul Rahim Shilbayeh, Iman Sharaf Adeen

MMSL 2024, 93(1):120-130 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.013  

The aim of the current pilot study is to depict the pattern of management of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in Saudi Arabia, focusing on the efficacy of risperidone in reducing the target symptoms of ASD compared to only behavioral therapy. A cross-sectional study was conducted at two main centers for 10 months. On a convenience basis, prospective visits were scheduled for children, who had received regular behavioral therapy and/or antipsychotics¬ (mainly risperidone), and their parents to assess the efficacy and side-effects of the treatment. The improvement of symptoms of ASD was assessed using the Aberrant Behavior Checklist-Community Version...

EVALUATION OF CYTOKERATIN-19 EXPRESSION AND OXIDATIVE STRESS STATUS ON GINGIVAL WOUND HEALING OF RABBITS TREATED WITH OMEGA-3Original article

O. Kh. Mahmoud, J. K. Mammdoh, M. G. Saeed

MMSL 2024, 93(1):131-139 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.012  

Background: Gingiva is a delicate tissue that protects alveolar bone against external stimuli. Gingival breaks expose alveolar bone, and the fast wounds heal the betterment of the teeth frame. We aimed to compare the influence of omega-3 on the gingival healing period after trauma and the potential involvement of cytokeratin-19 protein expression.Methods: A total of 18 rabbits were used, after trauma-induced, these rabbits were subdivided into three groups of 6 each. Group 1 is the control group that received normal saline only, the second group received omega 3 for 10 days before the trauma, while the third group received omega 3 supplements for 10...

GLUTAMATE AS A TARGET THERAPY FOR ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE DISORDERReview article

Safa Mustafa Najim, Zainab Ahmed Sadeq, Lubna A. Sabri

MMSL 2024, 93(1):140-149 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2023.002  

Alcoholism (Alcohol dependence) is considered a serial health problem because of tendency for con-sumption more alcohol, control losing and the physical dependence development. This cycle in most often featured by periods of craving, abstinence, and relapse. The cholinergic, adrenergic, dopaminergic, glutamatergic, GABAergic, serotonergic, peptidergic, and different neurotransmitter systems in the brain are affected by alcohol consumption. The development of alcohol dependence is attributed to neuro-adaptations within the extended amygdala and mesocorticolimbic systems. Principally, the glutamatergic neurotransmission variations that resulted by alcohol...