Vojenské Zdravotnické Listy, 1999 (vol. 68), Suppl.1
MEDICAL EDUCATIONAL AND SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITIES IN THE CZECH ARMY
Svatopluk Býma
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):1-2 
A military doctor must be trained for particular needs of the Military Medical Service that are different from civilian Service. Namely, for providing assistance within disasters, organizing humanitarian aid and for wartime. A prerequisite of the above mentioned is to know medical know-how, skills, and practice in the fields that are not thought at civilian medical faculties in the Czech Republic. Prominent research and teaching staff is employed at the Purkyně Military Medical Academy (PMMA)....
ACTIVITY OF EPIDEMIOLOGY DEPARTMENT PMMA
Miroslav Špliňo
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):2-3
Department of epidemiology was founded in 1951. The Department of Epidemiology is an important military and civilian center for education and research in various areas of preventive medicine. The department is divided into three primary sections: epidemiological, microbiological, and health service management. All sections participate in teaching students, not only those enrolled at the Military Medical Academy, but also those attending Charles University Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, as well as those seeking a Bachelor of Science....
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC - PAST, PRESENCE AND FUTURE
Roman Prymula, Jiří Beran, A. Petráková, Miroslav Špliňo, Rudolf Rychlý
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):3-6
Current trends and development in nosocomia/ infections, respiratory and diarrheal diseases, AIDS and viral hepatitis in the Czech Republic are discussed. Based on presented data conclusions for policy makers are offered. Implementation of mass immunization against Hib and Hepatitis B into routine immunization schedule for children in Pentavaccine with DTP seems to be the major issue.
NEW AND RE-EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Václav Dostál, Karel Honegr, Stanislav Plíšek
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):6-9
Infectious diseases traverse the usual boundaries established by medical specialists. All organ systems may be involved, and all physicians caring for patients may have to deal with infected patients.Infectious diseases remain leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world primarily because known measures of control and therapy are not applied. In technically advanced countries, the pestilences of antiquity no longer occur. Yet, even in these areas infectious diseases remain important contributors to illness and death....
HYGIENE AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN THE CZECH ARMY
Ivan Pohl
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):9-12
The presentation describes the hygiene and epidemiological control in the Czech Army. This control is implemented by two organizational systems. The first of them is based on the garrison medical stations and the Central Military Medical Institute, which are the institutions built according to the military organizational tables. The second system consists of some military hygiene service officials (Chief Hygienists, Director of the CMMI, the heads of the CMMI branches), who execute their authorities derived from the Public Health Protection Act. Some details about hierarchy and main tasks of both systems are provided.
HYGIENIC AND EPIDEMIC ARRANGEMENTS IN CONDITIONS OF THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC ARMY
Pavol Zakuťanský, Milan Zaduban
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):13-15
Hygienic and epidemic care in the Slovak Republic Army (ASR) is an inseparable part of health care. Its aim to protect and build up health of the ASR soldiers. The main tasks to reach that goal is formation and protection of healthy living and working conditions, including prevention of the onset and spread of communicable diseases. Activities and job description of the military hygienic-epidemic service issue from the Act Nr. 272/1994 of the National Council of the Slovak Republic, of the Statue Book, concerning health care and the related civilian legislation. Aim of the work of the military hygienic-epidemic service is to monitor occurrence of mass...
THE CURRENT STATUS OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY IN THE GERMAN NAVY
Karsten Wegner
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):13
Communicable diseases are again becoming of major importance, exemplified by the rise in tuberculosis, AIDS and Diphtheria. The growing significance of the epidemiology of communicable diseases is recognised in Germany and in the Armed Forces. The German Armed Forces have become more involved in international activities like Partnership For Peace and UN-peacekeeping missions.....
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF THE SANITARY/EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SERVICES OF THE POLISH ARMED FORCES
Michal Pfeffer
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):16-17
Military Sanitary Inspection is responsible for organization and execution of the permanent sanitary surveillance of the terrain supervised by the Military with respect to the observance of the rules of hygiene and elimination of the detected shortcomings (terrain and buildings used for troop housing, stores and magazines of the Military Office of Commerce, infants nurseries and kindergartens supervised by the Military, permanent quarters of the professional army personel, state companies manufacturing products for the Army)....
DISINFECTION EQUIPMENT IN THE CZECH ARMY
Marie Hartmanová, Roman Chlíbek
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):17-18
Disinfection involves a whole range of measures for achieving the destruction of microorganisms by means of physical, chemical or combined procedures. lts aim is to interrupt the route of spread from a source to a susceptible individual. Disinfection is conducted as a part of the epidemic regimen in every health service establishment, including a military one. Methods and disinfectants of various chemical compositions, concentrations and exposures are assigned for that purpose. We need to differentiate between disinfection in military medical establishments and disinfection measures carried out in the field. While the same criteria for selection and...
DIAGNOSTICS OF TULAREMIA IN THE EAST-BOHEMIA REGION
Miroslav Špliňo, Václav Dostál, Drahomíra Boštíková, Jiří Beran, Roman Prymula
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):19-21
Francisella tularensis is an aetiological agent of tularemia. It was isolated by E. Francis in Tulare, California in 1911. The type A predominates in North America, the strains are more virulent than in the continental Europe (hares, ticks). The type B occurs in rodents, birds and ticks. It is more resistant to external conditions, with a long-term survival in cadavers, it occurs in Europe. The disease can be characterized in several clinical forms according to the mode of infection (a direct inoculation, inhalation of an infectious aerosol, and attached tick)....
HOSPITALIZATIONS IN BRITISH TROOPS DURING OPERATION JOINT ENDEAVOUR (BOSNIA)
Ashley M. Croft
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):19
Aim: To analyse admissions of British troops to British hospital facilities in Bosnia during 1996.Methods: Defence Analytical Services Agency (DASA) dataset retrieved on UK hospitalizations in Bosnia. Population data HQ MND (SW), Split....
VIRAL HEPATITIS CONTROL
Roman Prymula, Jiří Beran
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):21-23
Viral hepatitis is still a serious medical and economic problem. Based on current diagnostic technologies six different types of hepatitis can be classified (A, B, C, D, E, G). Hepatitis F has been considered as separate type of hepatitis at the beginning, but now it is more and more clear Hepatitis F virus seems to be only subtype of already well known virus of Hepatitis B. Hepatitis are very important for health care administrators generally, but it depends on different type, subtype and occurrence in any particular part of the world. Of the clinical point of view Hepatitis B, C and D attract attention however the spread of Delta agent is very rare...
IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOSTS VIEWED FROM AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STANDPOINT
Marie Vacková, Ladislav Jebavý, Vladimír Měrka, Rudolf Rychlý
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):23-25
In the present time we come across a wide variety of states that are accompanied by the reduced immunity of the individual to defend himself against infections. The man then becomes endangered by microorganisms which in healthy individuals form common microflora or are only potentially pathogenic.In addition the medical practice of the Czech Republic Army has shown that we should take into account these states both in peace-time and under emergency situations.....
LEUKEMIA PATIENTS AS AN IMPORTANT MODEL FOR THE TREATMENT OF THE RADIATION SICKNESS
Vladimír Měrka, Ladislav Jebavý, Marie Vacková, Milan Bláha
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):25-27
Allow me to make a few historical remarks: When the first nuclear power station in Jaslovské Bohunice was put into operation, the creation of an emergency system was necessary in case of radiation accident or radiation disaster.Our Military Medical Academy in Hradec Králové was given the task of treating radiation sickness (radiation doses above 1 Gy)....
MEDICAL INTELLIGENCE: BELGIAN EXPERIENCE
Stefaan van ERPS
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):28-29
These days governments receive frequently requests in order to send soldiers to conflict areas all over the world. They could be deployed for instance as military observers, mine experts, peacekeeping or peace enforcement troops. Medical Services from different Armed Forces all share the same concern: how do we get our boys safe and healthy back home again?....
IMMUNIZATION STRATEGY AGAINST MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASES IN THE CZECH ARMY (1993-1998)
František Machula, Roman Prymula
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):29-31
In spite of sporadic occurrence of Invasive Meningococcal Diseases (IMD), epidemics with high death rates and Seque/ae are nothing exceptional. N. Meningitidis B was replaced by a new clone of N. meningitidis C: 2a: P1.2 (P1.5). Recruits of military troops deployed in the O/omouc district have occurred among the first afflicted. The clinical outlook resulted even in few deaths. Mass immunization of all the recruits demonstrated increasing immunization coverage reaching up to 98 % in 1998. Vaccine against A+C (Pasteur Merieux) has been used. The mass immunization of all the recruits was followed by a substantial decrease of IMD incidence, which has...
INDIVIDUAL TREATMENT OF DRINKING WATER IN THE CZECH ARMY
Roman Chlíbek, Marie Hartmanová
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):31-33
The problem of drinking water treatment in case of emergencies has Still been topical. It is demonstrated by problems with drinking water supply during the floods in East-Bohemia in 1999 and in Moravia in 1998.Therefore, let me to inform you about the Czech Republic Army possibilities as for drinking water treatment....
CHEMICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (CWC) AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS CONVENTION (BWC)
Jiří Bajgar
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):33-35
The full titles of these two Conventions are shown in Table 1. This Table also demonstrates my verse dealing with topics of this presentation.It is necessary to add that the before signing of these Conventions, the only Geneva Protocol of 1925 was the most important document in this field. BWC was the first Convention prohibiting weapons of mass destruction. The evaluation of the fulfilment of the Convention is made on so called Review Conferences. Though the BWC is important part of international policy, it does not contain verification procedures....
RADIATION PNEUMONITIS: THE INFLUENCE OF PENTOXIFYLLINE AND DEXAMETHASONE ON THE ALVEOLAR SEPTAL THICKNESS AND THE AMOUNT OF NEUTROPHIL GRANULOCYTES
Jan Österreicher, Jiřina Vávrová, Jiří Knížek, Jan Nožička, Pavel Petýrek
MMSL 1999, 68(S1):36-40
We monitored the number of neutrophil granulocytes and the thickness of alveolar Septa in (057Bl/6xDBA/2)F1 mice 168 days after γ- irradiation in the area of the Iungs with a dose of 16 Gy (LD5) and 180 days after irradiation with a dose of 18 Gy (LD50). The laboratory animals were administered Pentoxifyline (3,5 and 35 mg/kg), Dexamethasone (1 and 10 mg/kg) and a combination of Pentoxifyline (35 mg/kg) and Dexamethasone (10 mg/kg) twice a week. In the animals examined 168 days after irradiation with a dose of 16 Gy, a significant decrease in the number of neutrophil granulocytes and a decrease in the thickness of alveolar...