MMSL, 2014 (vol. 83), issue 1

AN INCREASE IN THE PREVALENCE OF SYPHILIS IN WOMEN IN THE EASTERN BOHEMIA - 30 YEARS OF SURVEILLANCEOriginal article

Miloslav Salavec, Vanda Boštíková, Jan Smetana, Roman Chlíbek, Miroslav Špliňo, Radek Sleha, Pavel Boštík

MMSL 2014, 83(1):2-7 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.001  

The epidemiology of sexually transmitted infections in the Czech Republic has been carefully reported for many years. Here we present an analysis of regional data on syphilis spanning more than 30 years in eastern Bohemia. The epidemiological data were collected by the mandatory reporting of sexually transmitted disorders during the period 1981-2011. The data showed a minimal incidence of the cases in 1990 and an increasing trend thereafter. Two peaks in the incidence are apparent - within years 1995-1999 and 2003-2007. Interestingly, while before 1990 the numbers of positive men always exceeded those of women, within those two peaks these numbers...

EXPERIENCES GAINED WHILE WORKING IN THE NATO JFC HQ, BRUNSSUMLetter to the editor

Petr Král

MMSL 2014, 83(1):8-10  

The Headquarters Joint Force Command (JFC) at Brunssum is an operational NATO headquarters located in that small town in the Limburg province of the Netherlands. The history of this HQ stems from 1967 when the Allied Forces Central Europe Command (AFCENT) was established there. In March 2000, HQ AFCENT stood down, and the new Regional Headquarters, Allied Forces Northern Europe (RHQ AFNORTH), assumed command of and responsibility for Northern Europe. As a result of the Prague Summit in November...

RESISTANCE OF THE ISOLATIVE PROTECTIVE GARMENT DESIGNATED FOR SPECIALISTS' PROTECTION AGAINST SELECTED CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONSOriginal article

Pavel Otřísal, Stanislav Florus

MMSL 2014, 83(1):11-17 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.003  

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are very often used and are relatively dangerous substances from healthy risk point of view. While manipulating with them, mainly in large volumes, individual protective equipment (IPE) must be used in a protection position. Users are supposed to know the construction material breakthrough time especially in case of long-term usage of personal IPE and in the situation when contamination of them is real. Studying connections between a chemical compound structure and the structure of IPE characterised by barrier materials enables us to understand present body protective devices protection quality and gives us an option to choose...

NON-NEWTONIAN SUSPENSION FORMULATIONS FOR IMPROVED STABILITY AND DELIVERY OF AUTOINJECTABLE CBRN COUNTERMEASURESOriginal article

Andrew P-Z. Clark, Larry A. Cabell, Joe A. McDonough

MMSL 2014, 83(1):18-27 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.004  

Autoinjectors are commonly employed by the United States and other countries to deliver emergency therapeutics to counteract the effects of various chemical agent threats, including nerve agents. Autoinjector combination products (autoinjector and drug product) used by the military can have drawbacks, including insufficient thermal stability of drug products, limited aqueous solution concentration of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), and complicated and expensive designs for delivering multiple drugs simultaneously. We have developed a novel Enhanced Formulation (EF) technology that solves these problems, using nanoparticle suspensions in biocompatible...

THE CELL SURVIVAL FUNCTION OF JNKReview article

Qing-Hua Wu, Zong-Hui Yuan, Xiu-Juan Zhang

MMSL 2014, 83(1):28-33 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.005  

c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) can be activated by multiple environmental stress, leading to varied and contradictory cellular response. JNK mediates cell apoptosis as well as cell survival and proliferation. JNK1 and JNK2 as the major members are able to perform similar and distinct biological functions. This review mainly discussed the mechanism of JNK cell survival function and the distinct roles of JNK1 and JNK2 in cell apoptosis and proliferation. Transient JNK activation may be important for mediating a survival response in TNF-treated cells and chronic JNK activation may contribute to apoptotic response. Other signal transduction pathways may...

RAPID INFORMATIVE SCREENING OF NANO-ALAPTIDE AS POTENTIAL TRANSDERMAL PERMEATION ENHANCER OF ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID AND PARACETAMOLOriginal article

Aneta Černíková, Radka Opatřilová, Josef Jampílek

MMSL 2014, 83(1):34-39 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.006  

This investigation deals with the affection of permeation of acetylsalicylic acid and paracetamol applied in the system propylene glycol-water 1:1 through full-thickness pig ear skin by alaptide that was applied in nanonized form as a potential chemical penetration enhancer. Alaptide, (S)-8-methyl-6,9-diazaspiro[4.5]decan-7,10-dione, is the original Czech compound. The application of nanonized alaptide significantly enhanced the permeation of both drugs through the skin. Enhancement ratios in the studied time interval 0.5-2.0 h varied from 1.11 to 17.70 for acetylsalicylic acid and from 6.83 to 19.83 for paracetamol.

EXPERIENCE OF A RESIDENT PHYSICIAN WITH THE DEPLOYMENTLetter to the editor

Jana Jurczyková, Milan Růžička, Petr Witt

MMSL 2014, 83(1):40-44  

The beginning of participation of Czech troops in a modern history of crisis management abroad dates back to 1990, when the first 200 soldiers of the Czechoslovak anti-chemical unit deployed to Kuwait. The Armed Forces of the Czech republic (CAF) formed from the Czechoslovak Armed Forces in 1992, and from the very beginning kept sending out its troops to foreign operations. An important part of any contingent is its medical support, consisting of a physician (or physicians), field nurses and stretcher-bearers/ambulance drivers. Until the recent past, no resident physician has ever been involved in foreign operation. And there was no reason for that...