MMSL 2022, 91(3):256-264 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.022

THE EFFECT OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ON HIPPOCAMPAL STRUCTURE OF ADULT MALE RATS (ROLE OF ROSUVASTATIN)Original article

Luma I Al-Allaf ORCID...1, Rana KA Attarbashee ORCID...2, Jawnaa K Mammdoh ORCID...2*
1 College of Medicine, Alhadbaa Street, 41002, University of Mosul, Mosul, Ninevah Province, Iraq
2 College of Dentistry, Alhadbaa Street, 41002, University of Mosul, Mosul, Ninevah Province, Iraq

Background: Limited researchs were noticed on the histological impact of cyclophosphamide on rats’ brains and the reports on the effects of antioxidants to protect these harmful effects are scanty. Trials have assessed the effect of statins in cancer regarding the association between statins use and cancer incidence.

Aim: To investigate the protective and ameliorative effects of rosuvastatin on the brain toxicity induced by a single dose of cyclophosphamide in male rats.

Materials and methods: Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups (n=8 for each). The control group includes animals which were received no treatment for 15 days. The cyclophosphamide group includes rats which were received a single dose of 150 mg/kg cyclophosphamide intraperitoneally on day 8 of the experiment, then left for 7 days without treatment. The rosuvastatin+ cyclophosphamide group enrolled rats which were gavaged with rosuvastatin (20 mg/kg/day) for 7 days and then they have received an injection of cyclophosphamide and gavaged with the same dose of rosuvastatin for other 7 days. All rats were subjected to euthanasia. Brain from each case was extracted and prepared for histological examination.

Results: The hippocampal sections of rats which were belonged to group 2 showed some alterations including the presence of cells with ghost appearance and damaged neurons. Features of dense nuclei of damaged hilar cells were manifested with evidence of extracellular vacuoles besides some pyknotic nuclei in these sections. Hippocampal sections of rats of group 3 showed that the majority of pyramidal cells and granule cells manifested seminormal appearance with improvement in the thickness of both granule and pyramidal cell layers.

Conclusions: Rosuvastatin has a protective and ameliorative role against the adverse effect of cyclophosphamide on rat hippocampus which may be useful in clinical practice of cancer treatment.

Keywords: cyclophosphamide; rosuvastatin; hippocampus; dentate gyrus; rat

Received: March 3, 2022; Revised: April 17, 2022; Accepted: May 23, 2022; Prepublished online: July 20, 2022; Published: September 2, 2022  Show citation

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Al-Allaf, L.I., KA Attarbashee, R., & Mammdoh, J.K. (2022). THE EFFECT OF CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ON HIPPOCAMPAL STRUCTURE OF ADULT MALE RATS (ROLE OF ROSUVASTATIN). MMSL, 91(3), 256-264. doi: 10.31482/mmsl.2022.022
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