MMSL, 2014 (vol. 83), issue 3
A COMPARISON OF THE SENSITIVITYOF DIFFERENT STRAINS OF MICE TO SARINOriginal article
Amanda R. Furman, Teresa L. Garrett, Christine M. Rapp, David G. Watson, James B. Lucot
MMSL 2014, 83(3):90-96 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.018 
Poisoning from chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as sarin is associated with neuronal degeneration. This damage is thought to result from glutamatergic excitotoxicity such as seen following kainic acid induced seizures. In order to search for novel neuroprotectants it is necessary to select good mouse models for susceptibility to nerve agent-induced seizures and the resulting neurodegeneration. The mouse strains tested (C57BL/6, ICR, DBA/2, SW, and FVB/N, Harlan Laboratory) had widely different sensitivity to sarin as shown by differences in the dose required resulting in 50% mortality, LD50. Differences also were observed among the strains...
ANTIHISTAMINES: PROMISING ANTIDOTES OF ORGANOPHOSPHORUS POISONINGReview article
Shreesh Ojha, Charu Sharma, Syed M Nurulain
MMSL 2014, 83(3):97-103 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.019
Organophosphorus (OP) is a large group of compounds with a wide variety of applications. The group comprises insecticides, pesticides and nematicides etc. in addition to deadly poison OP warfare chemicals like sarin and tabun. Thousands of casualties have been reported globally each year by the unintentional and intentional use of OP compounds. Uses of deadly poison OP like sarin by terrorists groups and irresponsible regimens have been documented as well. The threat always exists. The mainstream therapy includes administration of atropine, pralidoxime and bezodiazepines in addition to general supportive measures. Despite this standard therapy, the...
IN VITRO ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF USNIC ACID AND OCTYL GALLATE AGAINST RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS STRAINSOriginal article
Rudolf Kukla, Jaroslava Mazurová, Vanda Boštíková, Radek Sleha, Eva Slehová, Sylva Janovská, Václava Adámková
MMSL 2014, 83(3):104-113 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.020
The genus Enterococcus is represented by some of the clinically important species and is well known for its antibiotic resistance, which participates in colonization and infection. Increasing resistance of enterococci has been evoked due to the excessive use of antibiotics not merely for therapeutic purposes or in indicated cases. One of the promising possibilities how to reduce the use of great amount of antibiotics is to utilize antimicrobial properties of natural substances. Usnic acid is a lichen compound possessing antibacterial activity against gram-positive bacteria including enterococci. Octyl gallate, gallic acid ester, has significant...
DEOXYNIVALENOL: METABOLISM AND REGIONAL DIFFERENCES IN HUMAN EXPOSUREReview article
Qing-Hua Wu, Guang-Xu Wu, Yun Wang, Dan Wan, Xiu-Juan Zhang, Zong-Hui Yuan
MMSL 2014, 83(3):114-119 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.021
Deoxynivalenol (DON) is one of the most abundant mycotoxins in contaminated food and feed worldwide. It is toxic to humans and inhibits DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. In this review, the metabolism of DON and its exposure in humans from different regions are summarized. Conjugated products DON-3-glucuronide, DON-15-glucuronide, and DON-7-glucuronide are found to be the major metabolites in humans. Human exposure of DON shows some regional differences due to the different DON levels in cereal-based foods and the food intake habits. C12,13-deepoxy metabolite, DOM-1 can be found in most French populations but is rarely detected in UK adults. Spanish...
HUMAN HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL URANIUMReview article
Jiří Patočka
MMSL 2014, 83(3):120-131 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2014.022
Uranium from the environment enters the human body by ingestion with food and drink and by inhalation of respirable airborne uranium-containing dust particles or aerosols. A 70 kg, non-occupationally exposed 'Reference Man' living in Europe or in the United States has an estimated total body uranium content of about 22 micrograms. Uranium is absorbed from the intestine or the lungs, enters the bloodstream, and is rapidly deposited in the tissues, predominantly kidney and bone, or excreted into the urine. In the bloodstream, uranium is associated with red cells, and its clearance is relatively rapid. Renal toxicity is a major adverse effect of uranium,...
14th CONFERENCE ON MILITARY MEDICINEAnnouncement
Leo Klein
MMSL 2014, 83(3):132
Main topic: Military Medical Support Session, Medical Prevention, Treatment and Research, Health Care Support in Abroad Operations Session, Miscellaneous, Poster Section.