VZL 2010, 79(2):64-71

Biodosimetric Methods

Jaroslav Pejchal ORCID...1, Jan Österreicher2, Lenka Zárybnická ORCID...2, Zuzana Šinkorová ORCID...2, Aleš Tichý ORCID...2, Jiřina Vávrová2
1 Univerzita obrany, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví, Centrum pokročilých studií, Hradec Králové
2 Univerzita obrany, Fakulta vojenského zdravotnictví, katedra radiobiologie, Hradec Králové

V současné době se biodozimetrie stala rychle se rozvíjejícím oborem radiobiologie. Význam tohoto oboru vzrůstá zejména s jadernými ambicemi Iránu a Korejské lidově demokratické republiky a s nestabilní situací v Pákistánu, kde v případě vítězství Tálibánu by toto radikální hnutí získalo pákistánský jaderný arzenál, a podle slov svých vůdců, by jej neváhalo použít. Biodozimetrie se při takovýchto rozsáhlých užití jaderných zbraní stává důležitým prostředkem hodnotícím rozsah události a tím umožňujícím optimalizaci intervence integrovaného záchranného systému a predikci následků události.
Tento text je přehledem základních biodozimetrických postupů užívaných při řešení radiačních událostí. Hodnocen je význam klinické odpovědi organismu v období prodromální fáze akutní nemoci z ozáření a laboratorní cytologické a cytogenetické vyšetření periferní krve. Text je doplněn o nové poznatky z oblasti molekulární biodozimetrie. Důraz je kladen zejména na praktický aspekt metod.

Keywords: Ionizující záření; Biodozimetrie

Biodosimetry has recently become a quickly developing subject of radiobiology. Its significance has been increasing regarding nuclear ambitions of Iran and Democratic People's Republic of Korea and instable situation in Pakistan, where, if the Taliban wins, the radical movement will be in the possession of Pakistan nuclear arsenal and, according to its leaders, will not hesitate to use it. In the situation of nuclear weapon use, biodosimetry serves as a tool for accident assessment which enables optimization of emergency rescue system responses and prediction of consequences.The text is an overview of basic biodosimetric approaches used in radiation casualty management. The significance of clinical diagnosis based on the assessment of symptoms in prodromal phase of acute radiation sickness and cytological and cytogenetical work-up of peripheral blood is discussed. The text is supplemented with new knowledge in the field of molecular biodosimetry. Emphasis is especially placed on practical aspects.

Keywords: Ionising radiation; Biodosimetry

Received: July 16, 2009; Published: June 1, 2010  Show citation

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Pejchal, J., Österreicher, J., Zárybnická, L., Šinkorová, Z., Tichý, A., & Vávrová, J. (2010). Biodosimetric Methods. Vojenské Zdravotnické Listy, 79(2), 64-71
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