MMSL 2012, 81(4):171-176 | DOI: 10.31482/mmsl.2012.024

ACUTE TOXICITY OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENT-BASED DECONTAMINANTS IN MICE AND RATSOriginal article

Jan Misík ORCID...1*, Eva Vodáková1, Růžena Pavlíkova ORCID...1, Jiří Cabal1, Ladislav Novotný2, Kamil Kuča ORCID...1,3
1 Faculty of Military Health Sciences; University of Defence; Trebesska 1575; 500 01 Hradec Kralove; Czech Republic
2 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, Brno
3 Biomedical research center, University Hospital, Sokolska 581, 500 05 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic

Detergent-based mixtures and pure surfactants used as decontaminants in mass casualty scenarios were investigated for their acute 24 h toxicity. Commercial detergents NeodekontTM, ArgosTM, DermogelTM, and FloraFreeTM were tested in male Wistar rats after percutaneous, peroral and intramuscular administration. Pure surfactants althosan MB, sodium alkylbenzene sulphonate, triton X, benzyl dimethyl dodecyl ammonium chloride, and N-dodecyl pyridinium bromide were investigated in male ICR mice. Estimated LD50 of surfactants varied from < 100 mg.kg-1 (i.m.) to more than 2000 mg.kg-1 (p.o, p.c.) in mice. All detergents tested in rats were rather less toxic (LD50 > 6 ml.kg-1), thus could be considered as safe if used as external skin decontaminant or if low volume is accidentally ingested.

Keywords: detergent; tenside; mass decontamination; surfactant; acute toxicity

Received: September 15, 2012; Revised: November 22, 2012; Published: December 7, 2012  Show citation

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Misík, J., Vodáková, E., Pavlíkova, R., Cabal, J., Novotný, L., & Kuča, K. (2012). ACUTE TOXICITY OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENT-BASED DECONTAMINANTS IN MICE AND RATS. MMSL, 81(4), 171-176. doi: 10.31482/mmsl.2012.024
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